SUPERCLASS: GNATHOSTOMATA GEGENBAUR, 1874
= UNTERSTAMM EOTETRAPODA JAEKEL, 1911 (PISCES)
CLASS: ACANTHODII OWEN, 1846
= SUBCLASS: ACANTHODII OWEN, 1846
= SUBCLASS: ACANTHODIENS AGASSIZ, 1844
= SUBCLASS: ACANTHODEI OWEN, 1846
= SUBCLASS: ACANTHODII GIBEL, 1855
= SUBCLASS: ACANTHODINI LUTKNKE, 1868
= TRIBUS: ACANTHODIDES FRITSCH, 1893 (1895)
= SUBCLASS ACANTHODEA PARKER & HASWELL, 1897
= SUBCLASS ACANTHODIA DEAN, 1900
= SUBCLASS: ACANTHOESSI FOWLER, 1947
Order: INCERTAE SEDIS
Genus: Acanthospina VALUKEVICIUS, 2003
A. irregulare VALUKEVICIUS, 2003 (Type)
Genus: Alienacanthus KULZCYCKI, 1957 (nomen dubium)
A. malkowskii KULZCYCKI, 1957 (Type)
Genus: Antartonchus WHITE, 1968
A. glacilis WHITE, 1968 (Type)
Genus: Archaeacanthus KADE, 1858
A. quadrisulcatus KADE, 1858
Genus: Asiacanthus LIU, 1948
A. multituberculatus LIU, 1948 (Type)
A. kao P’AN, 1964
A. suni P’AN, 1964
Genus: Byssacanthoides WOODWARD, 1921
B. debenhami WOODWARD, 1921 (Type)
Genus: Campylodus ROHON, 1893
C. sigmoides ROHON, 1893 (Type)
C? delgadoi PRIEM, 1911
Genus: Cassidiceps GAGNIER & WILSON, 1996
C. vermiculatus GAGNIER & WILSON, 1996 (Type)
Genus: Chelomodus ROHON, 1893 (nomen dubium)
C. digitiferus ROHON, 1893 (Type)
Genus: Devononchus GROSS, 1940
D. concinnus (GROSS, 1930) GROSS, 1940 (Type)
= Onchus concinnus GROSS, 1930
D. laevis (GROSS, 1933)
= Onchus laevis GROSS, 1933
D. tenuispinus (GROSS, 1933)
= Onchus tenuispinatus GROSS, 1933
= Archaeacanthus tenuispinatus (GROSS, 1933) NOVITSKAIA & OBRUCHEV, 1964
D. ketleriensis GROSS, 1947
Genus: Ectopacanthus VALIUKEVICUS, 1979
E. cristiformis VALKUKEVICUS, 1979 (Type)
E? pusillus VALKUKEVICUS, 1998
Genus: Fungulodus
F. rotundus
Genus: Gemuendolepis GROSS, 1973
G. muelleri GROSS, 1973 (Type)
Genus: Granulacanthus HANKE, WILSON & LINDOE, 2001
G. joenelsoni HANKE, WILSON & LINDOE, 2001 (Type)
Genus: Haplacanthus AGASSIZ, 1845
H. marginalis AGASSIZ, 1845 (Type)
= Onchus tenuisulacatus EICHWALD, 1846
H. ehrmanensis GROSS, 1940
H. perseenis GROSS, 1942
H. sp
Genus: Holmessla GUNNELL, 1931
H. ornata GUNNELL, 1931 (Type)
H. speni GUNNELL, 1933
H. rhomboidalis GUNNELL, 1933
Genus: Homacanthus AGASSIZ, 1845
= Hoplonchus DAVIS, 1879
H. gracilis (EICHWALD, 1844) AGASSIZ, 1845 (Type)
= Hybodus gracilis EICHWALD, 1844
= Homacanthus arcuatus AGASSIZ, 1844
H. macrodus M’COY, 1848
= Onchus subulatus AGASSIZ, 1843
H. microdus M’COY, 1848
H. parvulus (NEWBERRY, 1875)
= Ctenacanthus parvulus NEWBERRY, 1875
= Hoplonchus parvulus NEWBERRY, 1889
H. elegans (DAVIS, 1879)
= Hoplonchus elegans DAVIS, 1879
H. acinaciformis EASTMAN, 1903
H. jaekeli (GROSS, 1933)
= Ctenacanthus jaekeli GROSS, 1933
H. sveteensis GROSS, 1942
Genus: Isodendracanthus VALIUKEVICUS, 1979
I. ramiformis VALIUKEVICUS, 1979 (Type)
Genus: Lepracanthus OWEN, 1869 (nomen dubium)
L. colei OWEN, 1869 (Type)
Genus: Lijiangichthys WANG, 2003
L. lembodes WANG, 2003 (Type)
Genus: Maplemillia GROSS, 1973 (nomen dubium)
M. costata GROSS, 1973 (Type)
M. sp
Genus: Monopleurodus PANDER, 1856
M. ohhesaarensis PANDER, 1856 (Type)
Genus: Naulas AGASSIZ, 1845 (nomen dubium)
N. sulcatus AGASSIZ, 1845 (Type)
Genus: Newsincanthus PAN & LIU, 1975
N. planispinatus PAN & LIU, 1975 (Type)
Genus: Nodacosta GROSS, 1940
N. pauli GROSS, 1940 (Type)
N. gemuendensis (GROSS, 1933)
= Ctenacanthus gemuendensis GROSS, 1933
Genus: Nodonchus WHITE, 1961
N. bambusifer WHITE, 1961 (Type)
N. rectus GAGNIER, TURNER, FRIMAN, SUAREZ-RIGLOS & JANVIER, 1988
Genus: Onychodus referred material:
O. anglicus WOODWARD, 1888
O. arcticus WOODWARD, 1889
O. scoticus NEWTON, 1892
= Protodus scoticus TRAQUAIR, 1898
Genus: Paucicanthus HANKE, 2002
P. vanelsti HANKE, 2002 (Type)
Genus: Pinnacanthus BRYANT, 1934
P. inequistriatus BRYANT, 1934 (Type)
Genus: Plectrodus AGASSIZ in MURCHISON, 1838
P. pleiopristis AGASSIZ in MURCHISON, 1838 (Type)
Genus: Protodus WOODWARD, 1892
P. jexi WOODWARD, 1892 (Type)
P. sp
= Stigmodus gracilis BROTZEN, 1934
= Plectrodus hamatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Dendrodus ariasigensis WHITEAVES, 1989
Genus: Rabdacanthus PANDER, 1856 (nomen dubium)
R. truncatus PANDER, 1856 (Type)
R. sp
Genus: Sentacanthus KULCZYCKI, 1957 (nomen dubium)
S. zelichowskae KULCZYCKI, 1957 (Type)
Genus: Watsonacanthus VALIUKEVICUS, 1979
W. oervigi VALIUKEVICUS, 1979 (Type)
W. costatus VALUIKEVICIUS, 2003
W. sp
Genus: Yealepis BURROW & YOUNG, 1999
Y. douglasi BURROW & YOUNG, 1999 (Type)
Genus: Yunnanacanthus LU, 1973
Y. cuifengshanensis LU, 1973 (Type)
Family: SINACANTHIDAE Zhu, 1998
Genus: Sinacanthus P’AN, 1957
S. micracanthus (CHAPMAN, 1917) ZHU, 1998
= Physonemus. micracanthus CHAPMAN, 1917
S. wuchangensis P’AN, 1957 (Type)
S. fanchunensis LIU, 1973
S. triangulatus PAN & LIU, 1975
S. boliviensis GAGNIER, TURNER, FRIMAN, SUAREZ-RIGLOS & JANVIER, 1988
S. sp
Family: MACHAERACANTHIDAE Burrow & Young, 2005
Genus: Machaeracanthus NEWBERRY, 1857
= Dinacanthodes FRITSCH, 1893 (1895)
= Machaerius ROUAULT, 1858
M. peracutus NEWBERRY, 1857 (Type)
M. major NEWBERRY, 1857
M. peracutus NEWBERRY, 1857
M. sulcatus NEWBERRY, 1857
M. archiaci (ROUAULT, 1858)
= Machaerus archiaci ROUAULT, 1858
M. larteti (ROUAULT, 1858)
= Machaerius larteti ROUAULT, 1858
M. bohemicus (BARRANDE, 1872)
= Ctenacanthus bohemicus BARRANDE, 1872
= Dinacanthodes sussii FRITSCH 1893 (1895)
= Cheiracanthoides stonehouensis LEGAULT, 1968
M. polonicus GURICH, 1901
M. longaevus EASTMAN, 1907
M. kayseri KEGEL, 1913
= Machaeracanthus westfalicus PFEIFFER, 1938
M. minor BRYANT, 1934
M. retusus WELLS, 1940
M. pectinatus BURROW & YOUNG, 2005
M. hunsruekianum SUKKAMP & BURROW, 2007
M. sp
ORDER: TCHUNACANTHIDAE KARATAJUTE-TALIMAA & SMITH, 2003 (FOR 2002)
Family: LENACANTHIDAE Karatajute-Talimaa & Smith, 2003 (FOR 2002)
Genus: Lenacanthus KARATAJUT-TALIMAA & SMITH, 2003 (For 2002)
L. priscus KARATAJUT-TALIMAA & SMITH, 2003 (For 2002) (Type)
Family: TCHUNACANTHIDAE karatajute-Talimaa & Smith, 2003 (for 2002)
Genus: Fecundosquama VALIUKEVICUS, 2004
F. basiglobosa VALIUKEVICUS, 2004 (Type)
Genus: Tchunacanthus KARATAJUT-TALIMAA & SMITH, 2003 (For 2002)
T. obruchevi KARATAJUT-TALIMAA & SMITH, 2003 (For 2002) (Type)
ORDER: ISCHNACANTHIFORMES BERG, 1940
= ORDER: ISCHNACANTHIDA BERG, 1940
= ORDER: ISCHNACANTHOMORPHI ORVIG, 1957
= ORDER: ISCHNACANTHIDA NOVITSKAIA & OBRUCHEV, 1964
Incertae sedis
Genus: Serradentus NEWMAN, BURROW & den BLAAUWEN, 2020
S. armstrongi NEWMAN, BURROW & den BLAAUWEN, 2020 (Type)
S. sp
Family: PODOLICANTHIDAE Voichyshyn & Szaniawski, 2018
Genus: Drygantacanthus VOICHYSHYN & SZANIAWSKI, 2018
D. semirotunda VOICHYSHYN & SZANIAWSKI, 2018 (Type)
Genus: Kasperacanthus VOICHYSHYN & SZANIAWSKI, 2018
K. serratus VOICHYSHYN & SZANIAWSKI, 2018 (Type)
Genus: Podolicanthus VOICHYSHYN & SZANIAWSKI, 2012
P. zychi VOICHYSHYN & SZANIAWSKI, 2012 (Type)
P. sp
Family: ISCHNACANTHIDAE Woodward, 1891
= Family: ONCHIDAE Jordan, 1923
= Family: PROTODONTIDAE Woodward in Zittel, 1932
Genus: Acanthodopsis HANCOCK & ATTHEY, 1868
A. wardi HANCOCK & ATTHEY, 1868 (Type)
= Acanthodopsis egertoni HACOCK & ATTHEY, 1868
A. microdon TRAQUAIR, 1894
A. sp
Genus: Apateacanthus WOODWARD, 1891
A. vetustus (CLARKE, 1885) WOODWARD, 1891 (Type)
= Pristacanthus vetustus CLARKE, 1885
A. peculiaris HUSSAKOF, 1913
Genus: Arenaceacanthus VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004
A. arcuatacanalis VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004 (Type)
Genus: Atopacanthus HUSSAKOF & BRYANT, 1918
A. dentatus HUSSAKOF & BRYANT, 1918 (Type)
A. peculiaris (HUSSAKOF, 1913)
= Apatacanthus peculiaris HUSSAKOF, 1913
A? ambrockensis OTTO, 1999
A. sp
Genus: Bracteatacanthus VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004
B. assiduous VALUKEVICIUS, 2004 (Type)
Genus: Cambaracanthus LINDLEY, 2000
C. goodhopensis LINDLEY, 2000 (Type)
Genus: Cavanacanthus LINDLEY, 2000
C. warrooensis LINDLEY, 2000 (Type)
Genus: Doliodus TRAQUAIR, 1893
D. problematicus (WOODWARD, 1892) TRAQUAIR, 1893 (Type)
= Diplodus problematicus WOODWARD, 1892
= Dissodus problematicus MILLER 1892
Genus: Erymnacanthus BLAIS, HERMUS & WILSON, 2015
E. clivus BLAIS, HERMUS & WILSON, 2015 (Type)
Genus: Euryacanthus BLAIS, HERMUS & WILSON, 2015
E. rugosus BLAIS, HERMUS & WILSON, 2015 (Type)
Genus: Gansuichthys WANG, WANG, ZHANG & WANG, 1998
G. liui WANG, WANG, ZHANG & WANG, 1998 (Type)
Genus: Garralepis BURROW, 2002
G. simplex BURROW, 2002 (Type)
G. sp
Genus: Gomphonchus GROSS, 1971
G. sandelensis (PANDER, 1856) GROSS, 1971 (Type)
= Thelolepis volborthi ROHON, 1893
= Onchus roemeri HOPPE 1931
= Gomphodus longifromis BROTZEN, 1934
= Gomphodus rhomboidalis BROTZEN, 1934
= Acanthodes devonicus BROTZEN, 1934
= Acanthodes laevigatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Acanthoides inornatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Acanthoides exscuplatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Acanthoides undulatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Poracanthodes punctatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Poracanthodes asper BROTZEN, 1934
= Poracanthodes biblicus LEHMAN, 1937
= Gomphodus hoppei GROSS, 1968
G. globosus (HOPPE 1931) (nomen dubium)
G. curvotriangulatus (LEHMAN, 1937) (nomen dubium)
G. sandalensis (GROSS, 1947)
= Gomphodus sandalensis GORSS, 1947
G. pluriformis GAGNIER, TURNER, FRIMAN, SUAREZ-RIGLOS & JANVIER, 1988
G. bogongensis BURROW, 1997
G. tauragensis VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998
G. medicostatus VERGOOSSEN, 1999
G. boekschoteni Vergossen, 1999
G. fromensis BURROW, 2002
G.nordicus VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
G? minutus VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004
G. sp
Genus: Grenfellacanthus LONG, BURROW & RITCHIE, 2004
G. zerinae LONG, BURROW & RITCHIE, 2004 (Type)
Genus: Helenacanthus BRYANT, 1934
H. incurvus BRYANT, 1934 (Type)
Genus: Ischnacanthus POWRIE, 1864
= Ictinocephalus PAGE, 1859 (nomen nudum)
I. gracilis (EGERTON, 1861) POWRIE, 1864 (Type)
= Diplacanthus gracilis EGERTON, 1861
= Onychodus scoticus E. T. NEWTON, 1892
I? anglicus WHITE, 1961
I. kingi WHITE, 1961
I. wickhami WHITE, 1961
I? scheii SPJELDNAES, 1967
Genus: Lietuvacanthus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998
L. fossulatus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998 (Type)
Genus: Marsdenius WELBURN, 1902
M. summiti WELBURN, 1902 (Type)
M. acuta WELBURN, 1902
Genus : Nerepisacanthus BURROW & RUDKIN, 2014
Nerepisacanthus denisoni BURROW & RUDKIN, 2014 (Type)
Genus: Persacanthus JANVIER, 1977
P. kermanensis JANVIER, 1977 (Type)
P. simpsonensis REED, 1986
P. sp
Genus: Plectrodus AGASSIZ in MURCHISON, 1839
P. mirabilis AGASSIZ in MURCHISON, 1839 (Type)
Genus: Rockycampacanthus LONG, 1986a
R. milesi LONG, 1986a (Type)
Genus: Rohonilepis VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004
R. breviornatus VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004 (Type)
Genus: Taemasacanthus LONG, 1986a
T. erroli LONG, 1986a (Type)
T. porca LINDLEY, 2000
T. narrengullensis LINDLEY, 2001
T. cooradigbeensis LINDLEY, 2001
Genus: Tricuspicanthus BLAIS, HERMUS & WILSON, 2015
T. gannitus BLAIS, HERMUS & WILSON, 2015 (Type)
T. pisculus BLAIS, HERMUS & WILSON, 2015
Genus: Trundlelpis BURROW, 1997
T. cervicostulata BURROW, 1997 (Type)
Genus: Uraniacanthus MILES, 1973
U. spinosus MILES, 1973 (Type)
Genus: Xylacanthus ORVIG, 1967
X. grandis ORVIG, 1967 (Type)
X. minutus GAGNIER & GOUJET, 1997
X. kenstewarti HANKE, WILSON & LINDOE, 2001
Genus: Youngacanthus WANG, 1984
Y. gracilis WANG, 1984 (Type)
Family: GLADOBRANCHIDAE Bernacsek, & Dineley, 1997
Genus: Gladiobranchus BERNACSEK, & DINELEY, 1977
G. probaton BERNACSEK, & DINELEY, 1977 (Type)
Family: PORACANTHODIDAE Vergoossen, 1997
Genus: Acanthopora VALUKEVICIUS, 2003
A. transitans VALUKEVICIUS, 2003 (Type)
Genus: Articacanthus VALUKEVICIUS, 2003
A. bicostatus VALUKEVICIUS, 2003 (Type)
Genus: Gomphonchoporus VERGOOSSEN, 1999
G. hoppei (GROSS, 1947) VERGOOSSEN, 1999 (Type)
= Gomphodus hoppei GROSS, 1947
= Ghomphodus irregularis LEHMAN, 1937
Genus: Poracanthodes BROTZEN, 1934
= Brotzenlepis VERGOOSSEN, 1997
P. punctatus BROTZEN, 1934 (Type)
P. menneri VALIUKEVICIUS, 1992
P. zoigenensis WANG, WANG, ZHANG & WANG, 1998
P.subporosus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998
P? lehmani VERGOOSSEN, 1999
P. canadensis BURROW, VERGOOSSEN, TURNER, UYENEO & THORSTEINSSON, 1999
P. sulcatus VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004
P. marssae VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004
P. sp
Genus: Radioporacanthodes VERGOOSSEN, 1999
R. porosus (BROTZEN, 1934) VERGOOSEEN, 1999 (Type)
= Poracanthodes porosus BROTZEN, 1934
R. qujingensis (WANG & DONG, 1989)
= Poracanthodies qujiangensis WANG & DONG 1989
R. sp
Genus: Zemlyacanthus VERGOOSSEN, 1997
ORDER: CLIMATIIFORMES BERG, 1940
= ORDER: CLIMATIIDA BERG, 1940
= ORDER: CLIMATIOMORPHI ORVIG, 1957
= ORDER: CLIMATIIDA FOWLER, 1965
Incertae sedis
Genus: Nobilesquama VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
N. longipostera (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005 (Type)
N. minilonga (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
N. watsoni (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis watsoni VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
Genus: Nostovicina VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
N. applicata (VIETH, 1980) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis applicata VIETH, 1980
N. multicostata (VIETH, 1980) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis multicostata VIETH, 1980
N. guangxiensis (WANG, 1992) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis guangxiensis WANG, 1992
= “Nostolepis” guangxiensis BURROW, LONG & TURNER, 1998
N. lacrima (VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis lacrima VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
N. laticristata (VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis laticristata VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
N athleta (VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis athleta VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
N. curiosa (VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis curiosa VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
N. multangula (VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis multangula VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
N. tareyensis (VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis tareyensis VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
N. spina (VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis spina VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
N. halli (BLOM, 1999) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
N. fragila (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005 (Type)
N. paravolborthi (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
N. platycrista (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
N. timanica (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
= Nostolepis timanica VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
Genus: Peregrinosquama VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
P. costata (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005 (Type)
P. oervigi (SOBOLEV, KARATAJUTE-TALIMAA & VALIUKEVICIUS, 1988) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
P. sp
SUBORDER: CLIMATIFORMOIDEI MILES, 1966
Family: CLIMATIIDAE Berg, 1940
= Family: BRACHYACANTHIDAE Moy-Thomas, 1939
= Family: BROCHADMONIDAE Bernacsek & Dineley, 1977
Genus: Brachyacanthus EGERTON, 1860
B. scutiger EGERTON, 1860 (Type)
Genus: Brochoadmones BERNACESK & DINELEY, 1977
B. milesi BERNACESK & DINELEY, 1977 (Type)
Genus: Canadalepis VIETH, 1980
C. linguiformis VIETH, 1980 (Type)
C. sp
Genus: Cheiracanthoides WELLS, 1944
= Helolepis WELLS, 1944
C. comptus WELLS, 1944 (Type)
= Cheiracanthoides breviplicatus WELLS, 1944
= Cheiracanthoides comis WELLS, 1944
= Cheiracanthoides venustus WELLS, 1944
= Helolepis bellarugosus WELLS, 1944
= Helolepis venustuloides WELLS, 1944
C. rarus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
C. planus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998
C. nativus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998
C. estonicus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998
C. sp
Genus: Climatius AGASSIZ, 1845
C? ornatus (AGASSIZ, 1837)
= Ctenacanthus ornatus AGASSIZ, 1837
C. reticulatus AGASSIZ, 1845 (1844)
C. latispinosus (WHITEAVES, 1881)
= Homacanthus gracilis WHITEAVES, 1889
C. enodiscota GAGNIER, TURNER, FRIMAN, SUAREZ-RIGLOS & JANVIER, 1988
C. sp
Genus: Endemolepis VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998
E. inconstans VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998 (Type)
Genus: Erriwacanthus ORVIG, 1967
E. falcatus ORVIG, 1967 (Type)
E. manbrookensis MILES, 1973
E. sp
Genus: Iranolepis HAIRAPETIAN, VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2006
I. ginteri HAIRAPETIAN, VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2006 (Type)
Genus: Lalicanthus KARTAJUTE-TALIMAA, 1986
L. singularis KARTAJUTE-TALIMAA, 1986 (Type)
L. ligeriensis VIDAL, GOUJET, JANVIER & LARDEUX, 1994
Genus: Latviacanthus SCHULTZE, 1982
L. ventspilsensis SCHULTZE, 1982 (Type)
Genus: Lupopsyrus BERNACSEK & DINELEY, 1977
L. pygmaeus DINELEY, 1977 (Type)
Genus: Nostolepis PANDER, 1856
= Acantholepis BROTZEN, 1934, non NEWBERRY, 1875
= Belacanthus BROTZEN, 1934
= Conolepis BROTZEN, 1934
= Dendracanthus LEHMAN, 1937
= Diplacanthoides BROTZEN, 1934
= Dontancathus LEHMAN, 1937
= Rhabdidodus ROHON, 1893
N. striata PANDER, 1856 (Type)
= Onchus curvatus PANDER, 1856
= Onchus granulatus ROEMER, 1885
= Diplacanthoides balticus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis balticus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides rugosus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis rugosus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides furcatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis furcatus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides insignis BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis insignis (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides elegans BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis elegans (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides crassus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis crassus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides bisulcatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis bisulcatus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides globosus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis globosus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides hoppei BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis hoppei (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Conolepis conulus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis conulus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Conolepis multicornis BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis multicornis (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Gomphodus trinucleatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis trinucleatus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Gomphodus magnisquamosus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis magnisquamosus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Gomphodus ornatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis ornatus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Cheiracanthus vogti BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis vogti (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Belacanthus carinatus BROTZEN, 1934
= Nostolepis carinatus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Dendracanthus ? cristatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis? cristatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Dendracanthus fibrulatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis fibrulatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Dendracanthus radiocostatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis radiocostatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Dendracanthus stensioi LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis stensioi (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides compressus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis compressus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides decoratus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis decoratus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides dilobatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis dilobatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Nostolepis multicostatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides multicostatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis multilobatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides multilobatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis parvolobatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides parvolobatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Diplacanthoides retroincisuratus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis retronicisuratus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides sinuosus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis sinuosus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides trilobatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis trilobatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides unguiparatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepi. unguiparatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Dontacanthus costatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis costatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Gomphodus foliosus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis foliosus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Gomphodus inaequalobatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis inaequalobatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides irregularis LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis irregularis (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides laterolobatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis laterolobatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides multiincisuratus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis multiincisuratus (LEHMAN, 1937)
= Diplacanthoides trilingulatus LEHMAN, 1937
= Nostolepis trilingulatus (LEHMAN, 1937)
N. parvidens (ROHON, 1893)
= Rhabdiodus parvidens ROHON, 1893
N? dentoides HOPPE, 1931
N? lata HOPPE, 1931
N? parva HOPPE, 1931
N? pseudocostata HOPPE, 1931
N. robusta (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides robusta BROTZEN, 1934
N. incurvus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Acanthoides incurvus BROTZEN, 1934
N. coronata (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Acantholepis coronata BROTZEN, 1934
N. typicus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Belacanthus typicus BROTZEN, 1934
N. huckei (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides huckei BROTZEN, 1934
N. robustus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Diplacanthoides robustus BROTZEN, 1934
N. alatus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Gomphodus alatus BROTZEN, 1934
N. erraticus (BROTZEN, 1934)
= Poracanthoides erraticus BROTZEN, 1934
N. gracilis GROSS, 1947
N. costata GOUJET, 1976
N. arctica VIETH, 1980
N. striata TURNER & PICKETT, 1982
N. kernavensis VALIUKEICIUS, 1985
N. minima VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
N. tewonensis WANG, WANG, ZHANG & WANG, 1998
N. gaujensis VALIUKEVICIUS, 1998
N. linleyensis MILLER & MARSS, 1999
N. mingyinensis WANG, 2003
N. decora VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
N. fragilis VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
N.parathelta VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
N.kozhymica VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
N.terraborea VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
N.amplifica VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
N.magnicostata VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
N.consueta VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
N.musca VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
N. alifera VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004
N. latvica VALIUKEVICIUS, 2004
N. qujingensis LI, CUI, ANDREEV, SHAO, WANG, PENG & ZHU, 2021
N. digitus LI, CUI, ANDREEV, SHAO, WANG, PENG & ZHU, 2021
N. sp
Genus: Nostolepoides BURROW, 1997
N. platymarginata BURROW, 1997 (Type)
Genus: Onchus AGASSIZ, 1837 (1843)
O. murchisoni AGASSIZ, 1837 (1843) (Type)
O. tenuistriatus AGASSIZ, 1837 (1843)
O. falcatus AGASSIZ, 1843 (nomen nudum)
O. sublaevis AGASSIZ, 1845
O. heterogyrus AGASSIZ, 1845 (1844) (nomen dubium)
= Heteracanthus heterogyrus (AGASSIZ, 1845 (1844)) WOODWARD, 1891
= Gamphacanthus heterogyrus BRYANT, 1929
O. decorus PHILLIPS, 1848 (nomen dubium)
O. dubius PANDER, 1856 (nomen dubium)
O. tricarinatus PANDER, 1856 (nomen dubium)
O. compressus EICHWALD, 1860 (nomen dubium)
O. major ETHERIDEGE in SYMONDS, 1872
O. clintoni CLAYPOLE, 1885
O. rectus EASTMAN, 1899 (nomen nudum)
O. graptolitarum FRITSCH, 1907
= Onchus graptolithorum GROSS, 1950 (sic)
O. siluricus FRITSCH, 1907
= Onchus silesiacus GROSS, 1950 (sic)
O. latus LERICH, 1931
O. penetrans BRYANT, 1932
O. peracutus BRYANT, 1934
O. overathensis GROSS, 1937
O? brotzeni LEHMAN, 1937 (nomen dubium)
O. verus SCHMIDT, 1954
O. rarus LIEPIN’SH, 1959
O. wheathillensis WHITE, 1961
O? besomeneis WHITE, 1961 (nomen dubium)
O. seriponensis GAGNIER, TURNER, FRIMAN, SUAREZ-RIGLOS & JANVIER, 1988
O. sicaeformis GAGNIER, TURNER, FRIMAN, SUAREZ-RIGLOS & JANVIER, 1988
O. sp
Genus: Parexus AGASSIZ, 1845
P. recurvus AGASSIZ, 1845 (Type)
P. falcatus POWRIE, 1870
P. sp
= Farnellia tuberculata TRAQUIAR, 1898
Genus: Pruemolepis VIETH-SCHREINER, 1983
P. wellsi VIETH-SCHREINER, 1983 (Type)
Genus: Ptomacanthus MILES, 1973
P. anglicus MILES, 1973 (Type)
Genus: Sabrinacanthus MILES, 1973
S. arcuatus (AGASSIZ, 1837) MILES, 1973 (Type)
= Onchus arcuatus AGASSIZ, 1837
Genus: Tareyacanthus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
T. magnificus VALILUKEVICIUS, 1994 (Type)
T. dissectus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1994
Genus: Wetteldorfia VIETH-SCHREINER, 1983
W. triangula VIETH-SCHREINER, 1983 (Type)
W. sp
Family: EUTHACANTHIDAE Berg, 1940
Genus: Euthacanthus POWRIE, 1864
E. macnicoli POWRIE, 1864 (Type)
E. elegans POWRIE, 1870
E. gracilis POWRIE, 1870
E. grandis POWRIE, 1870
E. curtus POWRIE, 1870
Family: VESPERALIIDAE Valiukevicius & Burrow, 2005
Genus: Acanthacanthus VALIUKEVICUS, 2003
A. ornatus VALIUKEVICUS, 2003 (Type)
Genus: Vesperalia VALIUKEVICUS, 2004
V. perplexa VALIUKEVICUS, 2004 (Type)
Family: ACRITOLEPIDAE Valiukevicius & Burrow, 2005
Genus: Acritolepis VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
A. ushakovi VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003 (Type)
A. urvantsevi VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003
Genus: Monospina VALIUKEVICUS, 2003
M. erecta VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003 (Type)
Genus: Pechoralepis VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
P. zinaidae (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005 (Type)
P. valentinae (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
P. advensis (VALIUKEVICIUS, 2003) VALIUKEVICIUS & BURROW, 2005
P. juozasi BURROW, LONG & TRINAJSTIC, 2009
ORDER: DIPLACANTHIFORMES, BERG, 1940
= SUBORDER: DIPLACANTHIDEI MILES, 1966
Family: DIPLACANTHIDAE Woodward, 1891
= Family: DIPLOCANTHIDAE Fowler, 1947 (sic)
Genus: Diplacanthus AGASSIZ, 1844
= Diplocanthus DUFF 1842, incorrectly transcribed from AGASSIZ MS.
= Rhadinacanthus TRAQUAIR, 1888
D. longispinius AGASSIZ, 1844 (Type)
= Rhadinacanthus longispinius (AGASSIZ, 1844) TRAQUAIR, 1888
D. crassisimus DUFF 1842
= Diplocanthus striatus
= Diplocanthus striatulus
= Diplocanthus crassipinus AGASSIZ, 1844
= Diplocanthus gibbus M’COY, 1848
D. horridus WOODWARD, 1892
= Rhadinacanthus horridus (WOODWARD, 1892) TRAQUAIR, 1888
D. tenuistratus TRAQUAIR, 1894
= Homacanthus borealis TRAQUAIR, 1893
D? carinatus GROSS, 1973
D. gravis VALIUKEVICIUS, 1988
D. ellsi GAGNIER, 1996
= Diplacanthus crassimus HAY, 1902
= Diplacanthus stiatus EASTMAN, 1907
= Diplacanthus horridus RUSSELL, 1951 non WOODWARD, 1892
D. acus GESS, 2001
D. poltnigi VALUIKEVICIUS, 2003
D. solidus VALUIKEVICIUS, 2003
Genus: Florestacanthus BURROW, JANVIER & VILLARROEL, 2003
F. morenoi BURROW, JANVIER & VILLARROEL, 2003 (Type)
Genus: Gladiobranchus BERNACSEK & DINELEY, 1977
G. probaton BERNACSEK & DINELEY, 1977 (Type)
Genus: Jaufolepis FOREY, YOUNG, & McCLURE, 1992
J. striata FOREY, YOUNG & McCLURE, 1992 (Type)
Genus: Milesacanthus YOUNG & BURROW, 2004
M. antarctica YOUNG & BURROW, 2004 (Type)
M. ancestralis BURROW, LELIEVRE & JANJOU, 2006
Genus: Ptychodictyon GROSS, 1973
P. sulcatum GROSS, 1973 (Type)
P. rimosum GROSS, 1973
P. distinctum VALIUKEVICIUS, 1979
Genus: Rhadinacanthus TRAQUAIR, 1888
R. longispinus (AGASSIZ 1844) TRAQUAIR, 1888
= Rhadinacanthus TRAQUAIR, 1888 (Type genus)
= Diplacanthus longispinus AGASSIZ 1844
= Diplocanthus perarmatus M’COY, 1848
R? balticus GROSS, 1973
R. primaris VALIUKEVICIUS, 1986
R. multisculcatus VALIUKEVICICUS, 1988
R. deltosquamosus PINAKINA & MARSS, 2018
R. sp
Family: TETANOPSYRIDAE Hanke, DAVIS & WILSON, 2001
Genus: Tetanopsyrus GANGIER, HANKE & WILSON, 2001
T. lindoei GANGIER, HANKE & WILSON, 2001 (Type)
T. breviacanthias HANKE, DAVIS & WILSON, 2001
Family: CULMACANTHIDAE
Genus: Culmacanthus LONG, 1983
C. stewarti LONG, 1983 (Type)
C. antartica YOUNG, 1989
C. pambulensis YOUNG, 1989
Family: GYRACANTHIDAE Woodward, 1906
= ORDER: GYRACANTHIFORMES BERG, 1940
= ORDER: GYRACANTHIDA NOVITSKAIA & OBRUCHEV, 1964
= Family: GYRACANTHIDIDAE Miles, 1971
Genus: Aganacanthus TRAQUAIR, 1884
A. striatulus TRAQUAIR, 1884 (Type)
Genus: Antacanthus DEWALQUE, 1877
A. insignis DEWALQUE, 1877 (Type)
Genus: Gyracanthus AGASSIZ, 1837 (1843)
G. formosus AGASSIZ 1837 (1843) (Type)
= Gyracanthus tuberculatus AGASSIZ 1837 (1843)
G. alnwicensis AGASSIZ 1837 (1843)
G. obliquus M’COY 1848
G. quadricornis (OWEN, 1867) (nomen dubium)
= Mitroduos quadricornis OWEN, 1867 (nomen dubium)
G. duplicatus DAWSON, 1868
G. magnificus DAWSON, 1868
G. alleni NEWBERRY, 1873
G. compressus NEWBERRY, 1873
G. nobilis TRAQUAIR, 1883
G. youngii TRAQUAIR, 1883
G? cordatus St. JOHN & WORTHEN, 1883 (nomen dubium)
G. inoratus NEWBERRY, 1889
G. sherwoodi NEWBERRY, 1889
G. incurvus TRAQUAIR, 1890
G. rectus TRAQUAIR, 1890
G. faliciformis TRAQUAIR, 1902
G. murrayi (McCOY, 1890) WOODWORD, 1906
= Rhytidaspis murrayi McCOY, 1890 (nomen nudum)
= Chiraropalus langtrei McCOY, 1890 (nomen nudum)
G. primaevus EASTMAN, 1908
G. sarlei HUSSAKOF & BRYANT, 1918
G. parvulus BRYANT, 1929
G? convexus GROSS, 1933
G. rothrocki WELLS & BLICKLE, 1943
G? eastmani WELLS, 1944
G. warreni WHITE, 1968
G. praecursor (ZANGERL, 1973)
= Trichorhipsis praecursor ZANGERL, 1973
G. seriponensis GAGNIER, TURNER, FRIMAN, SUAREZ-RIGLOS & JANVIER, 1988
G. felius SNYDER, 2011
G. sp
Genus: Gyracanthides WOODWARD, 1906
G. murrayi WOODWARD, 1906 (Type)
= Gyranchthus murrayi (WOODWARD, 1906)
G. hawkinsorum emend TURNER, BURROW & WARREN, 2005
= Gyracanthides hawkinsi TURNER, BURROW & WARREN, 2005
G. sp
Genus: Oracanthus AGASSIZ, 1837 (1843)
O. milleri AGASSIZ, 1837 (1843) (Type)
= Oracanthus minor AGASSIZ, 1843
= Oracanthus confluens AGASSIZ, 1843
O. pustulosus AGASSIZ, 1837 (1843)
O. vetustus LEIDY, 1855 (1856)
O? obliquus ST. JOHN & WORTHEN, 1875
O. rectus ST. JOHN & WORTHEN, 1883
O. bochumensis JAEKEL, 1890
O. lineatus NEWBERRY, 1897
O. triangularis EASTMAN, 1917
O. farringtoni ROY, 1929
SUBORDER: BROCHOADMONOIDEI GAGNIER & WILSON, 1996
Family: KATHEMACANTHIDAE Gagnier & Wilson, 1996
Genus: Kathemacanthus GAGNIER & WILSON, 1996
K. rosulentus GAGNIER & WILSON, 1996 (Type)
Family: Incertae sedis
Genus: StriacanthusHILLS, 1921
S. sicaeformis HILLS, 1921 (Type)
S. sp
ORDER: ACANTHODIFORMES BERG, 1940
Family: MESACANTHIDAE Moy-Thomas, 1939
Genus: Melanoacanthus CUMBAA & SCHULTZE, 2002
M. minutus CUMBAA & SCHULTZE, 2002 (Type)
Genus: Mesacanthus TRAQUAIR, 1888
M. pusillus (AGASSIZ, 1844) TRAQUAIR, 1888
= Acanthodes pusillus AGASSIZ, 1844
M. mitchelli (EGERTON, 1861)
= Acanthodes mitchelli EGERTON, 1861
= Acanthodes antiquus EGERTON, 1861
M. peachi (EGERTON, 1861)
= Acanthodes peachi EGERTON, 1861
= Acanthodes coriaceus EGERTON, 1861
M. semistriatus (WOODWARD, 1892)
= Acanthodes semistriatus WOODWARD, 1892
M. grandis GAGNIER & GOUJET, 1997
M. sp
Genus: Promesacanthus HANKE, 2008
P. eppleri HANKE, 2008 (Type)
Genus: Teneracanthus BURROW & YOUNG, 2005
T. toombaensis BURROW & YOUNG, 2005 (Type)
= “Gomphonchus? Sp’ TURNER et al, 1981 (fig. 14A-C).
= ‘acanthodian spines’ TURNER et al, 1981.
= ‘smloth ischnachthid scales’ YOUNG et al, 1987
= ‘climatiid spines’ TURNER, 1995.
= ‘Acanthodes-type scales’, TURNER, 1995
= ‘new mesacanthid’ YOUNG & TURNER, 2000
= ‘Acanthodian remains’ in part YOUNG & GOUJET, 2003
Genus: Triazeugacanthus MILES, 1966
T. affinis (WHITEAVES, 1887) MILES, 1966 (Type)
= Acanthodes affinis WHITEAVES, 1887
= Mesacanthus affinis TRAQUAIR, 1890
= Homalacanthus affinis RUSSELL, 1951
Family: CHEIRACANTHIDAE Berg, 1940
Genus: Carycinacanthus (ROHON, 1889) MILES, 1966
C. lopatini (ROHON, 1889) MILES, 1966 (Type)
= Acanthodes lopatini ROHON, 1889
= Acanthodes parvulus ROHON, 1889
Genus: Cheiracanthus AGASSIZ, 1835 (1843)
= Chiracanthus M’COY, 1846
C. murchisoni AGASSIZ, 1835, (1843) (Type)
= Cheiracanthus minor AGASSIZ, 1835 (1843)
= Cheiracanthus microlepidotes AGASSIZ, 1844
= Cheiracanthus lateralis M’COY, 1848
= Cheiracanthus pulverulentus M’COY, 1848
C. grandispinus M ‘COY, 1848
C. latus EGERTON, 1861
C. costellatus TRAQUAIR, 1893
C. brevicostatus GROSS, 1973
C. longiocostatus GROSS, 1973
C. splendens GROSS, 1973
C. gibbosus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1986
C.wangi BURROW, TURNER & WANG, 2000
C. sp
Genus: Ginkgolepis PINAKHINA & MARSS, 2018
G. tenericostatus PINAKHINA & MARSS, 2018 (Type)
Genus: Homalacanthus RUSSELL, 1951
H. concinnus (WHITEAVES, 1887) RUSSELL, 1951 (Type)
= Acanthodes concinnus WHITEAVES, 1887
= Paracanthodes concinnus (WHITEAVES, 1887), GRAHM-SMITH, 1936
H. bergi (OBRUCHEV, 1962)
= Acanthodes bergi OBRUCHEV, 1962
Genus: Markacanthus VALIUKEVICIUS, 1985
M. alius VALIUKEVICIUS 1985 (Type)
Family: ACANTHODIDAE Huxley, 1861
= Family: ACANTHOESSIDAE Hay, 1902
Genus: Acanthodes AGASSIZ, 1833 (1834)
= Acanthoessus AGASSIZ, 1832 (nomen nudum)
= Carycinacanthus MILES, 1966
= Rodriguezichthyes SCHULTZE, 1990
A. bronni AGASSIZ, 1833 (1834) (Type)
= Acanthodes rouvillei SAUVAGE, 1883
A. sulcatus AGASSIZ, 1835
A. gracilis (BEYRICH, 1848)
= Holacanthodes gracilis BEYRICH, 1848
= Holacanthodes var bendai FRITSCH, 1893 (1895)
A. wardi EGERTON, 1866
= Acanthodes major DAVIS, 1894
= Acanthodes striatus WELLBURN, 1901
A. pristis CLARKE, 1885 (nomen dubium)
A. lopatini ROHON, 1889
= Homalacanthus lopatini (ROHON, 1889) NOVITSKAYA & OBRUCHEV, 1964
= Carycinacanthus lopatini (ROHON, 1889) MILES, 1966
= Acanthodes parvulus ROHON, 1889
= Acanthodes bergi OBRUCHEV, 1962
= Homalacanthus bergi (OBRUCHEV, 1962)
A. nitdus WOODWARD, 1891
A. punctatus FRITSCH, 1893 (1895)
A. beecheri EASTMAN, 1902
A. marshi EASTMAN, 1902
A? dubliensis STAUFFER, 1938 (nomen dubium)
= Acanthoides hardyi WELLS, 1944
= Acanthoides sciotoensis WELLS, 1944
A. australis WOODWARD, 1906
A. ovensi WHITE, 1927
A. bridgei ZIDEK, 1976
A. lundi ZIDEK, 1980
A. luedersensis (DALQUEST, et al, 1988)
= Rodriguezichthyes luedersensis SCHULTZE, 1990
A. guizhouensis WANG & TURNER, 1985
A. tholeyi HEIDTKE, 1990
A. kinneyi ZIDEK, 1992
A. sp
Genus: Eupleurogmus McCOY, 1890
E. creswelli McCOY, 1890 (Type)
Genus: Howittacanthus LONG, 1986b
H. kentoni LONG, 1986b (Type)
Genus: Paracanthodes
Genus: Protogonacanthus MILES, 1966
P. juergeni MILES, 1966 (Type)
Genus: Pseudacanthodes WHITE & MOY-THOMAS, 1941
P. pinnatus (FRITSCH, 1893) WHITE & MOY-THOMAS, 1941 (Type)
= Protacanthodes pinnatus FRISCH, 1893
Genus: Traquairichthys WHITLEY, 1933
= por Traquarira FRITSCH, 1893 (1895) non CARRUTHERS, 1872
T. pygmaeus (FRITSCH, 1875) WHITLEY, 1933 (Type)
= Acanthodes pygmaeus FRITISCH, 1875
T. sp
Genus: Utahacanthus SCHULTZE, 1990
U. gutheri SCHUTLZE, 1990 (Type)
Genus: Westrichus HEIDTKE, 2003
W. kraetschmeri HEIDTKE, 2003 (Type)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Bernacsek, G. M., and Dineley, D. L., 1977, New acanthodians from the Delorme Formation (Lower Devonian) of N.W.T., Canada: Palaeontographica Abt A, v. 158, lfg. 1-3, p. 1-15.
Blais, S. A., Hermus, C. R., and Wilson, M. V. H., 2015, Four new early Devonian Ischnacanthid acanthodians from the Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada: An early experiment in dental diversity: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 35, n. 1, e948546, 13pp.
Bryant, W. L., 1934, The fish fauna of Beartooth Butte, Wyoming, Parts II and III: Poceedings of the American Philosophical Society, v. 73, p. 127-162.
Burroy, C. J., Janvier, P., an dVillarroel, C., 2003, Late Devonian acanthodians from Colombia: Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 16, p. 155-161.
Burrow, C. J., 2002, Lower Devonian acanthodian fuans and biosratigrpahy of south-eatern Australia: Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologist, v. 27, p. 75-137.
Burrow, C. J., Janvier, P., and Villarroel, C., 2003, Late Devonian acanthodians from Colombia: Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 16, p. 155-161.
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Burrow, C. J., and Rudkin, D., 2014, Oldest near-complete acanthodian: the first vertebrate from the Silurian Bertie Formation Konservat-Lagerstatte, Ontario: Public Library of Science (PLOS), One, v. 9, n. 8, 7 pp.
Burrow, C. J., Vergoossen, J. M. J.,Turner, S., Uyeno, T. T., and Thorsteinsson, R., 1999, Microvertebrate assemblages from the Upper Silurian of Cornwallis Island, Arctic, Canada: Canadian Journal of Earth Science, v. 36, p. 349-361.
Burrow, C. J., and Young, G. C., 1999, An articulated teleostome fish from the Late Silurian (Ludlow) of Victoria, Australia: In: Papers in Vertebrate paleontology, edited by Baynes, A., and Long, J. A., Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement n. 57, p. 1-14.
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Eastman, C. R., 1907, Devonic fishes of the New York Formations: New York State Museum, memoir 10, 235pp.
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Forey, P. L., Young, V. T., and McClure, H. A., 1992, Lower Devonian fishes from Saudi Arabia. Bull. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum of London, (Geology series), v. 48, n. 2, p. 25-43.
Gagnier, P.-Y., and Goujet, D., 1997, Nouveaux pooissons acanthodiesn du Devonien du Spitsberg: Geodiversitas, v. 19, n. 3, p. 505-513.
Gagnier, P.-Y., Turner, S., Friman, L., Suarex-Riglos, M., and Janvier, P., 1988, The Devonian vertebrate and mollusc fauna from Seripona (Dept. Of Chuquisaca, Bolivia). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, v. 176, n. 2, p. 269-297.
Gagnier, P.-Y., and Wilson, M. V. H., 1996, Early Devonian Acanthodians from Northern Canada: Palaeontology, v. 39, part 2, p. 241-258.
Gess, R. W., 2001, A new species of Diplacanthus from the Late Devonian (Famennian) of South Africa: Annales of Paleontology, v. 87, n. 1, p. 49-60.
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